Ceftoril

Indications

Ceftoril, a potent oral cephalosporin antibiotic, is prescribed for treating mild-to-moderate infections caused by sensitive bacteria. Its uses include:

• Acute Bacterial Exacerbations of Chronic Bronchitis: Effective against Haemophilus influenzae, Moraxella catarrhalis, and Streptococcus pneumoniae.
• Acute Bacterial Otitis Media: Targets Haemophilus influenzae, Moraxella catarrhalis, and Streptococcus pyogenes.
• Pharyngitis and Tonsillitis: Treats infections caused by Streptococcus pyogenes.

Pharmacology

Ceftoril, containing Ceftibuten, is a semi-synthetic cephalosporin antibiotic. It works by binding to vital proteins in the bacterial cell wall, inhibiting cell-wall synthesis and leading to bacterial cell death.

Dosage & Administration

• Otitis Media: Adults and children >6 months: 400 mg once daily for 10 days.
• Tonsillitis/Pharyngitis: Same as Otitis Media.
• Bronchitis: Adults: 400 mg once daily for 10 days; children >12 years: 400 mg once daily for 10 days.
• Cystitis: Adults and children >12 years: 400 mg once daily for 7 days.
• Pneumonia: Adults and children >12 years: 200 mg every 12 hours for 7 to 14 days.
• Sinusitis: Adults and children >12 years: 400 mg once daily for 10 to 14 days.
• Urinary Tract Infections: Adults: 400 mg once daily for 10 days; children >6 months: 9 mg/kg/day (maximum 400 mg) once daily for 10 days.

Interactions

Ceftoril is not affected by Theophylline or Antacids but may interact with Ranitidine, increasing its levels in the body.

Contraindications

Avoid Ceftoril in patients with known allergies to cephalosporin antibiotics.

Side Effects

Possible side effects include nausea, headache, diarrhea, dyspepsia, dizziness, abdominal pain, and vomiting.

Pregnancy & Lactation

Pregnancy Category B: Use only if clearly needed. Caution is advised as it is unknown if Ceftoril is excreted in breast milk.

Precautions & Warnings

Prolonged use may lead to resistant organisms. Monitor patients closely. Dose adjustments may be necessary for those with renal insufficiency. Caution is advised for individuals with a history of gastrointestinal issues, particularly colitis.

Use in Special Populations

• Renal Impairment:
  • CrCl 5 to 29 ml/min: 100 mg daily
  • CrCl 30 to 49 ml/min: 200 mg daily
• Hepatic Impairment: No dose adjustment required.

Therapeutic Class

• Third-Generation Cephalosporins

Reconstitution

• Mix purified water with granules in the large bottle. Shake well for at least one minute. Use within 14 days if refrigerated. Shake before each use.

Storage Conditions

• Store below 25°C, protected from light and moisture. Refrigerated suspension is viable for 14 days. Keep out of reach of children.