Indications
Betapro (Bisoprolol Hemifumarate) is prescribed for hypertension (high blood pressure), angina (chest pain), and moderate to severe heart failure.
Pharmacology
Bisoprolol is a highly selective ß1 blocker that reduces heart rate and cardiac output by selectively blocking ß1 adrenergic receptors in the heart and vascular smooth muscle. It does not affect lipid metabolism, including HDL-cholesterol, during long-term therapy.
Dosage & Administration
For adults, the initial dose of Betapro is typically 5 mg once daily, with adjustments up to 20 mg once daily based on individual response. Dose titration intervals are recommended every 2 weeks. Safety and effectiveness in children have not been established. In patients with renal or hepatic impairment, start with 5 mg daily and use caution due to potential accumulation.
Interactions
Avoid concurrent use of Betapro with other ß-blocking agents. Monitor closely when used with catecholamine-depleting drugs or centrally active antihypertensive agents. Use with caution alongside calcium channel blockers due to potential cardiac effects.
Contraindications
Betapro is contraindicated in patients with cardiogenic shock, overt heart failure, second or third degree AV block, right ventricular failure due to pulmonary hypertension, and sinus bradycardia.
Side Effects
Common side effects may include fatigue, dizziness, headache, gastrointestinal disturbances, cold extremities, muscle weakness, and bronchospasm in patients with asthma or COPD.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Bisoprolol should be used during pregnancy only if clearly needed, weighing benefits against potential risks to the fetus. Consider discontinuing nursing if use is essential, as Bisoprolol may be excreted in human milk.
Precautions & Warnings
Adjust dosage cautiously in patients with impaired renal or hepatic function. Patients with a history of severe anaphylactic reactions may have increased sensitivity to allergens while taking beta-blockers.
Storage Conditions
Store Betapro in a dry place away from light and heat, and keep out of reach of children.
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