Virux 200

Indications

Aciclovir serves as a remedy for:

• Treating viral infections stemming from both Herpes simplex virus strains (type I & II) and Varicella zoster virus (including herpes zoster and chickenpox).
• Managing Herpes simplex virus infections affecting the skin and mucous membranes, encompassing initial and recurrent genital herpes as well as herpes labialis.
• Preventing Herpes simplex infections in individuals with compromised immune systems.

Pharmacological Profile

Aciclovir, a synthetic purine derivative, acts against Herpes simplex virus (HSV) and Varicella-zoster virus by impeding DNA synthesis, thereby thwarting viral replication. Within herpes-infected cells, Aciclovir’s antiviral prowess hinges on its conversion to Aciclovir Triphosphate. The drug undergoes a series of enzymatic conversions to reach its pharmacologically active form, predominantly facilitated by virus-encoded thymidine kinase and cellular enzymes. Approximately 15-30% of an oral dose is absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract, with peak plasma concentrations typically achieved within 1.5-2 hours post-oral administration. Aciclovir exhibits widespread distribution across bodily tissues and fluids, including the brain, saliva, lungs, liver, and others, before being excreted primarily via renal pathways.

Dosage & Administration

For treating initial herpes simplex infections, the standard regimen involves 200 mg taken five times daily for approximately 5 days. Dosages may vary for immunocompromised patients and children based on age and weight. Prophylactic measures for herpes simplex recurrence also entail tailored dosages. Similarly, Aciclovir administration for the treatment of varicella, herpes zoster, and initial rectal herpes infections follows specific dosage guidelines. Adjustments are recommended for patients with renal impairment.

Interaction

Probenecid can potentiate Aciclovir’s effects by reducing its excretion, consequently elevating plasma concentration and the risk of toxicity.

Contraindications

Aciclovir usage is contraindicated in individuals known to exhibit hypersensitivity reactions to the drug.

Side Effects

Common side effects may include rash, gastrointestinal disturbances, alterations in liver and kidney function, hematological changes, headache, neurological reactions, and fatigue.

Pregnancy & Lactation

Aciclovir falls under pregnancy category B, warranting caution during use in pregnant individuals. Its administration during lactation should be approached with care, weighing potential benefits against risks.

Precautions & Warnings

Special consideration should be given to patients with renal impairment, necessitating dose adjustments based on creatinine clearance. Regular monitoring of neutrophil count is advisable, particularly in neonates.

Therapeutic Class

Aciclovir operates within the therapeutic realm of Herpes simplex and Varicella-zoster virus infections.

Storage Conditions

Store Aciclovir below 25°C, shielded from light and moisture, and out of children’s reach.