Indications
Torax serves as a short-term solution for managing moderate to severe acute post-operative pain. Additionally, Torax ophthalmic solution aids in relieving pain, inflammation, and light sensitivity post-ocular surgery, and may alleviate eye inflammation or redness from seasonal allergies.
Description
Torax belongs to the pyrrolo-pyrrole group of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), chemically known as 5-benzoyle-2,3-dihydro-1H-pyrroligine-1-carboxylic acid, combined with 2-amino-2-(hydroxymethyl)-1,3-propanediol (1:1). It inhibits prostaglandin synthesis, acting as a peripherally acting analgesic. Torax’s pharmacokinetic properties are linear, highly protein-bound, and primarily metabolized in the liver, with some metabolites excreted in urine.
Pharmacology
Ketorolac Tromethamine, a potent analgesic NSAID, inhibits the cyclooxygenase enzyme system, thereby suppressing prostaglandin synthesis. It exhibits minimal anti-inflammatory effects at its analgesic dose.
Dosage & Administration
- Tablet: Adults are recommended a 10 mg dose every 4-6 hours, not exceeding 40 mg/day for up to 7 days.
- Injection: Administered as single or multiple doses, with IV bolus given over at least 15 seconds or IM administration into the muscle. Analgesic effect onset is within 30 minutes, lasting 4 to 6 hours.
- Eye Drops: Adults administer 1 drop in each eye 4 times daily.
Interaction
Torax may interact with other NSAIDs, aspirin, anticoagulants, beta blockers, ACE inhibitors, and methotrexate, enhancing side effects or toxicity.
Contraindications
Contraindications include hypersensitivity to Ketorolac or other NSAIDs, children under 16 years, and use as prophylactic analgesic before surgery.
Side Effects
Common side effects encompass nausea, vomiting, gastrointestinal bleeding, melena, peptic ulcer, pancreatitis, anxiety, drowsiness, headache, thirst, fatigue, bradycardia, hypertension, palpitation, chest pain, female infertility, and pulmonary edema.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Ketorolac Tromethamine falls under US FDA Pregnancy Category C, thus should be avoided during pregnancy and lactation unless benefits outweigh risks.
Precautions & Warnings
Exercise caution in patients over 65 years, with active or suspected peptic ulcer, gastrointestinal bleeding, asthma, or liver dysfunction.
Therapeutic Class
Torax falls into the category of drugs used for Rheumatoid Arthritis and Non-Opioid Analgesics.
Storage Conditions
Store Torax in a dry place away from light and heat, out of children’s reach.
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