Prosan HZ 12.5/50

Indications

Prosan HZ is specifically designed to treat hypertension and to lower the risk of stroke in patients with hypertension and left ventricular hypertrophy.

Pharmacology

Prosan HZ combines Losartan, an angiotensin II receptor blocker, with Hydrochlorothiazide, a thiazide diuretic. Losartan works by blocking the AT1 receptor, preventing vasoconstriction and aldosterone secretion caused by angiotensin II. Hydrochlorothiazide enhances sodium and chloride excretion, reducing blood volume and potentially counteracting potassium loss through angiotensin II receptor blockade.

Dosage

• For Hypertension: Start with one 50/12.5 mg tablet daily. If needed, increase to 100/25 mg. For left ventricular hypertrophy, initial dosage is 50/12.5 mg; adjust to 100/12.5 mg or 100/25 mg if additional reduction is needed. Maximum dosage is 100/25 mg daily.
• For Severe Hypertension: Begin with 50/12.5 mg daily. Increase to 100/25 mg if necessary. The maximum dosage is 100/25 mg daily.

Administration

Prosan HZ can be taken with or without food and may be used with other antihypertensive medications.

Interactions

Avoid concurrent use with potassium-sparing diuretics or potassium supplements. Hydrochlorothiazide may interact with alcohol, barbiturates, narcotics, and certain antidiabetic drugs, potentially enhancing effects or requiring dosage adjustments.

Contraindications

Do not use Prosan HZ if you are hypersensitive to any component or if you have conditions such as anuria or hypersensitivity to sulfonamide drugs.

Side Effects

Common side effects include dizziness, hypotension, and hyperkalemia. Rare effects include angioedema, gastrointestinal issues, and skin reactions. Monitor for possible serious effects like hepatitis or renal impairment.

Pregnancy & Lactation

Prosan HZ is not recommended during pregnancy due to potential risks to fetal development. It is also not advised during breastfeeding due to limited safety data.

Precautions

Regularly check serum electrolytes to avoid imbalances. Monitor for symptoms of hypotension, renal function changes, and potential electrolyte imbalances.

Use in Special Populations

• Renal Impairment: Continue with the usual dosage if creatinine clearance is >30 ml/min. Avoid in severe renal impairment.
• Hepatic Impairment: Not recommended for titration due to dosing limitations.
• Pediatric Use: Safety and efficacy in children have not been established.

Overdose Effects

Symptoms of overdose include hypotension and tachycardia. Supportive care is recommended; neither Losartan nor Hydrochlorothiazide is significantly removed by hemodialysis.

Therapeutic Class

Combined antihypertensive preparations

Storage Conditions

Store at temperatures below 30°C and keep out of reach of children.