Nispore 150

Indications

Nispore is prescribed for various fungal infections, including:

• Vaginal Candidiasis
• Oropharyngeal Candidiasis
• Esophageal Candidiasis
• Tinea Infections: Tinea corporis, Tinea cruris, Tinea pedis, etc.
• Kerion
• Pityriasis Versicolor
• Onychomycosis
• Invasive Candidal Infections and Cryptococcal Infections (including meningitis)
• Prevention of cryptococcal meningitis
• Prophylaxis for fungal infections in immunocompromised patients
• Systemic Candidiasis and Cryptococcal Infections
• Fungal Urinary Tract Infections
• Disseminated Candidiasis
• Prophylaxis for fungal infections in neutropenic cancer patients
• Acute Treatment of systemic fungal infections like coccidioidomycosis and histoplasmosis

Pharmacology

Fluconazole, the active ingredient in Nispore, is a triazole antifungal agent that effectively inhibits fungal cytochrome P-450 dependent enzymes, crucial for synthesizing ergosterol in the fungal cell membrane.

Dosage & Administration

Adults:

• Vaginal Candidiasis: 150 mg as a single dose
• Oropharyngeal Candidiasis: 200 mg on the first day, then 100 mg daily for 14 days
• Esophageal Candidiasis: 200 mg on the first day, then 100 mg daily for 14-30 days
• Tinea Infections: 150 mg weekly for 4-6 weeks
• Kerion: 50 mg daily for 20 days
• Pityriasis Versicolor: 400 mg as a single dose
• Onychomycosis: 150 mg weekly for 12 months
• Invasive Candidal and Cryptococcal Infections: 400 mg on the first day, then 200-400 mg daily
• Prevention of Cryptococcal Meningitis: 200 mg daily
• Prophylaxis for Immunocompromised Patients: 50-400 mg daily

Children (over 1 year):

• Superficial Candidiasis: 1-2 mg/kg daily
• Systemic Candidiasis & Cryptococcal Infection: 3-6 mg/kg daily

Use in Special Populations:

• Elderly: Normal dosing unless renal impairment is present
• Renal Impairment: Adjust dosage intervals based on creatinine clearance

Interactions

Fluconazole may interact with warfarin, oral sulfonylureas, and other medications, affecting their plasma levels. Monitoring is recommended for patients on anticoagulants and certain diabetes medications.

Contraindications

Nispore is contraindicated in individuals with hypersensitivity to Fluconazole or related triazole compounds.

Side Effects

Common side effects include gastrointestinal symptoms such as nausea and diarrhea. Rarely, skin reactions and anaphylaxis may occur.

Pregnancy & Lactation

Fluconazole should be avoided in pregnancy unless necessary. It is excreted in breast milk; caution is advised for nursing mothers.

Precautions & Warnings

Monitor liver function in patients with underlying conditions. Discontinue use if severe rashes develop.

Use in Special Populations

For elderly patients and those with renal impairment, dosage adjustments may be required.

Overdose Effects

In case of overdose, supportive care is advised, and hemodialysis may reduce plasma levels.

Storage Conditions

Store in a cool, dry place, away from light and out of reach of children.