Monocast 4

Indications

Monocast is used for:

• Asthma Management: Prophylaxis and ongoing treatment of asthma.
• Exercise-Induced Bronchoconstriction (EIB): Acute prevention of EIB.
• Allergic Rhinitis Relief: Alleviation of symptoms associated with both seasonal and perennial allergic rhinitis.

Pharmacology

Monocast, containing Montelukast, is a selective leukotriene receptor antagonist targeting the cysteinyl leukotriene receptor (CysLT1). By inhibiting this receptor, Monocast mitigates the inflammatory processes associated with asthma and allergic rhinitis, including airway edema, smooth muscle contraction, and other cellular activities.

Dosage & Administration

• Adults & Adolescents (15+ years): 10 mg tablet once daily.
• Children (6-14 years): 5 mg tablet once daily.
• Children (2-5 years): 4 mg tablet once daily.
• Children (6 months to 5 years): 4 mg oral granules once daily, administered directly or mixed with a spoonful of cold water or soft food.

Special Populations

• Hepatic Insufficiency: No dosage adjustment required.
• Renal Insufficiency: No dosage adjustment recommended.
• Elderly: No dosage adjustment required; slight increase in plasma half-life noted.

Interactions

Monocast generally does not affect the pharmacokinetics of other drugs such as theophylline, prednisone, or warfarin. Concomitant use with drugs like phenobarbital may reduce Monocast levels, though no adjustment is necessary. Regular monitoring is advised when used with potent cytochrome P450 enzyme inducers.

Contraindications

Monocast is contraindicated for individuals with hypersensitivity to any of its components.

Side Effects

• Common: Diarrhea, fever, headache, nausea, vomiting, skin reactions, upper respiratory infections.
• Uncommon: Anxiety, abnormal behavior, depression, dizziness, sleep disorders.
• Rare: Angioedema, hallucinations, hepatic disorders, suicidal tendencies.

Pregnancy & Lactation

Montelukast crosses the placenta and is excreted in breast milk. Use during pregnancy should be limited to situations where benefits outweigh risks. Exercise caution when administering to nursing mothers.

Precautions & Warnings

Monocast is not for the acute relief of asthma attacks and should not replace inhaled or oral corticosteroids abruptly. It is not recommended as monotherapy for exercise-induced bronchospasm. Patients with aspirin sensitivity should avoid aspirin and NSAIDs.

Overdose Effects

Overdose symptoms may include abdominal pain, drowsiness, headache, and vomiting. Supportive measures and clinical monitoring are recommended.

Therapeutic Class

Leukotriene Receptor Antagonists

Storage Conditions

Store in a cool, dry place below 30°C, protected from light and moisture. Keep out of reach of children.