Inospiron 25

Indications for Inospiron

Inospiron is commonly prescribed for the treatment of various conditions, including:

• Congestive Heart Failure
• Hepatic Cirrhosis with ascites and edema
• Nephrotic Syndrome
• Primary Hyperaldosteronism
• Essential Hypertension
• Hypokalemia (low potassium levels due to diuretics)

Note: Always consult with a registered healthcare provider before using this medication.

Description of Inospiron

Inospiron is a long-acting aldosterone antagonist used to manage fluid balance and blood pressure. It works by competitively binding to aldosterone receptors in the renal tubules, specifically at the sodium-potassium exchange sites. This helps the body excrete sodium and water while retaining potassium and magnesium.

As an aldosterone antagonist, Inospiron serves both as a diuretic and an antihypertensive agent. It can be used alone or in combination with other diuretics to achieve the desired therapeutic effect.

Pharmacology of Inospiron

The active ingredient, Spironolactone, targets aldosterone receptors, preventing aldosterone from promoting the retention of sodium and the excretion of potassium in the kidneys. This mechanism helps reduce water retention and lower blood pressure. Spironolactone is often used in conjunction with other diuretics, particularly for conditions like congestive heart failure, nephrotic syndrome, or hepatic cirrhosis.

Inospiron’s action as an aldosterone blocker aids in the management of edema and hypertension, making it a vital treatment in various cardiovascular and renal disorders.

Dosage & Administration

For Edema (congestive heart failure, hepatic cirrhosis, nephrotic syndrome):

• Initial dosage: 100 mg daily, either as a single dose or divided doses. The dose can range from 25 mg to 200 mg daily depending on the patient’s condition.
• Combination therapy with other diuretics may be necessary for faster diuresis.

For Primary Hyperaldosteronism:

• Pre-surgery: 100 to 400 mg daily to prepare for surgery.
• For long-term maintenance (in patients who are not candidates for surgery), Spironolactone is used at the lowest effective dose.

For Essential Hypertension:

• Initial dosage: 50 to 100 mg daily, which can be adjusted based on response.

For Hypokalemia:

• Dosage: 25 mg to 100 mg daily to treat potassium depletion caused by diuretics.

Always follow the prescribed dosage as directed by your healthcare provider.

Drug Interactions

• ACE Inhibitors: Using ACE inhibitors with potassium-sparing diuretics like Inospiron can lead to severe hyperkalemia.
• Alcohol, Barbiturates, or Narcotics: These may enhance the risk of orthostatic hypotension when used with Inospiron.
• Corticosteroids/ACTH: These may increase the risk of electrolyte imbalances, particularly hypokalemia.
• Lithium: The combination of diuretics and Lithium may increase the risk of lithium toxicity.
• Digoxin: Inospiron may increase the half-life of digoxin, requiring closer monitoring.

Contraindications

Inospiron should not be used in patients with:

• Acute renal insufficiency or significant renal impairment
• Anuria (lack of urine production)
• Hyperkalemia (high potassium levels)
• Sensitivity or allergy to Spironolactone.

Side Effects

Possible side effects of Inospiron may include:

• Gynaecomastia (breast enlargement in men)
• Gastrointestinal issues such as cramping and diarrhea
• Drowsiness, lethargy, and headaches
• Mental confusion, impotence, and irregular menstrual cycles
• Post-menopausal bleeding in some cases.

If you experience any unusual symptoms, consult your healthcare provider immediately.

Pregnancy & Lactation

• Pregnancy: Inospiron should not be used during pregnancy due to potential risks to the developing fetus.
• Lactation: The active metabolite of Spironolactone, Canrenone, can be passed into breast milk. If the drug is deemed necessary, an alternative feeding method should be considered.

Precautions & Warnings

• Electrolyte imbalances: Monitor for signs of hyperkalemia and fluid imbalances, especially in patients with compromised kidney function or those consuming excessive potassium.
• Kidney Function: Regular monitoring of renal function is recommended, particularly during long-term therapy.
• Diuretic Therapy: Patients undergoing diuretic therapy should be monitored for any signs of dehydration, hypotension, or electrolyte disturbances.

Overdose Effects

Signs of an Inospiron overdose include:

• Drowsiness, mental confusion, dizziness, diarrhea, and vomiting. If an overdose occurs, stomach lavage or induced vomiting may be required.

Therapeutic Class

• Potassium-sparing diuretics
• Aldosterone antagonists

Storage Conditions

Store Inospiron in a cool, dry place, away from direct light. Keep out of the reach of children.