Promtil 5

Indications

Promtil serves several purposes:

• Managing intense nausea and vomiting triggered by radiation therapy, cancer chemotherapy, surgery, and various other conditions.
• Alleviating nausea, vomiting, and vertigo (spinning sensations) linked with Meniere’s disease and inner ear disorders.
• Treating psychotic illnesses like schizophrenia, addressing symptoms such as hallucinations and hostility.
• Managing acute mania.
• Providing short-term relief for generalized non-psychotic anxiety.

Pharmacology

Prochlorperazine acts as both a dopamine and histamine antagonist. Its antiemetic effects stem from blocking histamine H and dopamine D2 neurotransmitter receptors in the chemoreceptor trigger zone and vomiting center. Additionally, it exhibits a mild anticholinergic effect and prevents acid reflux by enhancing the lower esophageal sphincter tone.

Dosage & Administration

• Antiemetic:
  • For children (not recommended for those weighing less than 10 kg or under 2 years old):
    • Dosage varies based on weight, ranging from 2.5 mg to 5 mg every 8 to 24 hours, with maximum daily limits specified.
  • For adults, the typical dosage ranges from 5 mg to 10 mg, administered 3 to 4 times daily, with a maximum daily dose of 40 mg.
• Antipsychotic:
  • Children aged 2 to 12 years start with a dosage of 2.5 mg, escalating to a maximum daily dose based on age. Adults typically take 5 mg to 10 mg, 3 to 4 times daily, with some patients requiring up to 150 mg/day for severe disturbances.
• Nonpsychotic anxiety:
  • Adults typically begin with a daily dose of 15 mg to 20 mg, not exceeding 20 mg/day or 12 weeks. Elderly patients should initiate treatment with lower doses, gradually titrating upward based on response and tolerability.

Interactions

• Alcohol, barbiturates, and other sedatives may potentiate CNS depression.
• Promtil absorption may be affected by certain medications like antacids, antiparkinsonian drugs, and lithium.
• It may influence plasma concentrations of drugs such as propranolol and phenobarbital.

Contraindications

• Avoid in cases of hypersensitivity to prochlorperazine or its components, severe CNS depression, or coma.
• Not recommended for children under 2 years or those weighing less than 10 kg.

Side Effects

• Common side effects may include drowsiness, muscle spasms, tremors, skin rash, and yellowing of the skin or eyes.

Pregnancy & Lactation

• No reported adverse effects during pregnancy or lactation.

Precautions & Warnings

• Use caution when engaging in activities requiring alertness.
• Alcohol consumption may exacerbate drowsiness.
• Promtil may increase sensitivity to sunlight; precautions like sunscreen and protective clothing are advised during sun exposure.
• Reduced sweating may heighten the risk of heatstroke.

Overdose Effects

• Symptoms of overdose may include profound sedation, coma, abnormal muscle movements, and hypotension.

Therapeutic Class

• Promtil belongs to the therapeutic classes of anti-vertigo and anti-emetic drugs.

Storage Conditions

• Store below 30°C, protect from light and moisture, and keep out of reach of children.