Indications
The combination of Olmesartan Medoxomil and Hydrochlorothiazide is prescribed for managing hypertension.
Pharmacology
Angiotensin-II, a potent vasoconstrictor and a key hormone in the renin-angiotensin system, plays a vital role in hypertension. Olmesartan works by selectively blocking the AT 1 receptor, thereby inhibiting the vasoconstrictive and aldosterone-secreting effects of angiotensin-II. Hydrochlorothiazide, a thiazide diuretic, enhances the excretion of sodium and chloride, reducing plasma volume and consequently lowering blood pressure.
Dosage & Administration
For hypertension, the typical starting dose is one tablet of 20/12.5 mg once daily. Dosage adjustments may be made based on individual response, with a maximum dose of one tablet of 40/25 mg once daily.
Interactions
Olmesartan has shown no significant interactions with commonly co-administered drugs. Hydrochlorothiazide may interact with certain substances such as alcohol, barbiturates, and antidiabetic medications, necessitating dosage adjustments or careful monitoring.
Contraindications
The combination of Olmesartan and Hydrochlorothiazide is contraindicated in patients with known hypersensitivity to any of its components or sulfonamide-derived drugs.
Side Effects
Common side effects may include nausea, headache, dizziness, and upper respiratory or urinary tract infections. Monitoring for adverse effects such as hyperuricemia and electrolyte imbalances is recommended.
Pregnancy & Lactation
The safety of this combination during pregnancy and lactation has not been established; therefore, its use is not recommended during these conditions.
Precautions & Warnings
Regular monitoring of serum electrolytes is advised to detect any potential electrolyte imbalances. Patients with impaired renal function or hyperuricemia should use this medication cautiously.
Use in Special Populations
The safety and efficacy of this combination in pediatric and geriatric populations have not been fully established. Caution is advised in dose selection for elderly patients.
Overdose Effects
Overdosage may lead to symptoms such as hypotension and electrolyte depletion, with supportive treatment recommended as necessary.
Therapeutic Class
This combination belongs to the class of combined antihypertensive preparations.
Storage Conditions
Store in a cool, dry place, away from light and moisture, and out of reach of children.
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