Normo-K Sachet

Indications:

Normo-K is prescribed for treating hyperkalemia, which is primarily associated with Acute or Chronic Kidney Disease. It can also be caused by conditions such as Liver failure, Adrenal insufficiency, and the use of certain drugs like ARB, ACE inhibitors, Beta blockers, or excessive Potassium supplements.

Pharmacology:

Sodium Polystyrene Sulfonate functions as a cation exchange resin. It releases sodium ions in the stomach in exchange for hydrogen ions. As it reaches the large intestine, it exchanges hydrogen ions for free potassium ions, which are then eliminated in the feces. This mechanism reduces potassium absorption into the bloodstream, effectively lowering potassium levels in the body.

Dosage:

For adults (including the elderly), the typical daily oral dose ranges from 15 gm to 60 gm, administered 1 to 4 times daily. In cases where oral intake is not feasible, rectal administration as an enema is possible, with a dose of 30 gm to 50 gm once or twice daily.

In children, initial oral doses are adjusted based on body weight, starting at 1 gm/kg daily for acute hyperkalemia. Rectal administration follows similar principles, with the resin suspended in 10% Dextrose in water.

Administration:

Normo-K should be administered as a suspension in a small quantity of water or sweetened liquid, avoiding potassium-rich juices. The amount of fluid administered typically ranges from 20 ml to 100 ml, depending on the prescribed dose.

Interaction:

Normo-K may interact with several medications, including Antacids, Non-absorbable cation-donating antacids, laxatives, Digitalis, Sorbitol, Lithium, and Thyroxine.

Contraindications:

This medication is contraindicated in patients with hypokalemia, hypersensitivity to polystyrene sulfonate resins, obstructive bowel disease, neonates with reduced gut motility, and for oral administration in neonates.

Side Effects:

Common side effects may include gastric irritation, anorexia, nausea, vomiting, constipation, and electrolyte imbalances such as hypokalemia and hypocalcemia.

Pregnancy & Lactation:

Normo-K falls under Pregnancy Category C. Caution is advised during breastfeeding due to unknown excretion into human milk.

Precautions & Warnings:

Use caution in patients with severe congestive heart failure, hypertension, or marked edema. Discontinue use if severe constipation occurs.

Use in Special Populations:

Effectiveness in pediatric patients has not been established, and oral administration is not recommended in neonates due to potential risks.

Overdose Effects:

Overdose may result in electrolyte disturbances, such as hypokalemia, hypocalcemia, and hypomagnesemia, with associated clinical symptoms.

Therapeutic Class:

Normo-K is classified as a Calcium Regulator.

Storage Conditions:

Store below 30°C. Prepare suspensions freshly and do not store beyond 24 hours.