Nitazox

Indications

Nitazox is prescribed for treating diarrhea caused by Cryptosporidium parvum, Giardia lamblia, and Entamoeba histolytica.
Consult a registered physician before use.

Pharmacology

Nitazoxanide is a synthetic antiprotozoal medication for oral use. Its effectiveness is attributed to the interference with the Pyruvate Ferredoxin Oxido Reductase (PFOR) enzyme-dependent electron transfer reaction, crucial for the anaerobic energy metabolism of protozoa. Both Nitazoxanide and its active metabolite, tizoxanid, inhibit the growth of sporozoites and oocysts of Cryptosporidium parvum and trophozoites of Giardia lamblia.

Dosage & Administration

• Ages 1-3 years: 1 teaspoon (5 ml) suspension every 12 hours for 3 days.
• Ages 4-11 years: 2 teaspoons (10 ml) suspension every 12 hours for 3 days.
• Ages 12 years and above: 5 teaspoons (25 ml) suspension or 1 tablet every 12 hours for 3 days.

It is recommended to take with food.
Consult a registered physician before use.

Interaction

Nitazoxanide is highly protein-bound in plasma. Exercise caution when administering it alongside other highly protein-bound medications with a narrow therapeutic index.

Contraindications

Contraindicated in individuals with known hypersensitivity to Nitazoxanide or any components of the formulation.

Side Effects

Common side effects include abdominal pain, vomiting, and headache, usually mild and temporary. Rare side effects may include nausea, anorexia, flatulence, increased appetite, enlarged salivary glands, elevated creatinine and SGPT levels, pruritus, rhinitis, sweating, dizziness, and discolored urine.

Pregnancy & Lactation

Nitazoxanide is classified as a US FDA pregnancy category B drug. There are no sufficient and controlled studies in pregnant women, so it should be used during pregnancy only when absolutely necessary. Nitazoxanide is excreted in human milk; therefore, caution is advised during lactation.

Precautions & Warnings

Use Nitazoxanide cautiously in patients with hepatic and biliary disorders, as well as those with renal conditions.

Therapeutic Class

• Anti-diarrheal Antiprotozoal

Storage Conditions

Store in a dry place away from light and heat. Keep out of reach of children.