Indications
Metadaxan Ophthalmic Solution or Ointment is recommended for the treatment of:
- Allergic non-infectious blepharitis and conjunctivitis
- Non-infectious keratitis, including punctate and disciform keratitis (when the corneal surface is intact)
- Inflammation of the anterior uvea (iritis and iridocyclitis)
- Scleritis, episcleritis, and myositis
- Post-operative care following cataract, strabismus, and other ocular surgeries
Pharmacology
Dexamethasone, a cortisone derivative, possesses significant anti-inflammatory properties due to its unique chemical structure, featuring a methyl group at the 16-alpha position and a fluorine atom at the 9-alpha position. This configuration makes its anti-inflammatory action 30 times more potent and its overall therapeutic efficacy 8-10 times greater than hydrocortisone. Similar to other glucocorticoids, it exhibits anti-allergic, anti-exudative, and anti-proliferative effects. After the local application of a single drop of the 0.1% solution, therapeutic levels of Dexamethasone can be detected in the cornea and aqueous humor within 15-30 minutes, lasting for 4-6 hours. Dexamethasone acts by inhibiting phospholipase A2, the initial step in prostaglandin synthesis, and reduces neutrophil infiltration at the inflammation site.
Dosage & Administration
- Dexamethasone Ophthalmic Solution: Instill 1 drop into the conjunctival sac 3-5 times daily. In acute cases, instill up to 1 drop every hour as needed.
- Dexamethasone Ophthalmic Ointment: Apply a small amount into the conjunctival sac 3-4 times daily. After application, gently close your eyes without blinking for 1-2 minutes. Gradually reduce the dosage as improvement is noted.
Consult a healthcare professional before use.
Interaction
No specific drug interaction studies have been conducted with Metadaxan.
Contraindications
Avoid use in cases of corneal injuries or ulcerations, particularly those of bacterial or viral origin (e.g., herpes simplex, vaccinia), purulent conjunctival infections, tuberculosis, fungal infections, and glaucoma.
Side Effects
Prolonged use of corticosteroids may lead to a temporary increase in intraocular pressure in susceptible individuals. Regular pressure monitoring is essential.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Animal studies indicate potential adverse effects on the fetus with dexamethasone; however, controlled human studies are lacking. Use of this ophthalmic preparation during pregnancy should be considered only if the benefits outweigh potential risks to the fetus.
Precautions & Warnings
Corticosteroids may mask or exacerbate eye infections. If there’s no improvement after several days of treatment, alternative therapies should be considered. Avoid contact between the dropper tip and any surfaces to prevent contamination.
Overdose Effects
Local or accidental oral overdose is unlikely.
Storage Conditions
Store at room temperature, protected from light. It is advisable not to use the contents more than one month after the bottle has been opened.
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