Kilbac Suspension

Indications

Cefuroxime is prescribed for the treatment of infections caused by bacteria susceptible to this antibiotic, including:

• Pharyngitis/Tonsillitis: Effective against Streptococcus pyogenes.
• Acute Bacterial Otitis Media: Treats infections caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, Moraxella catarrhalis (including beta-lactamase-producing strains), or Streptococcus pyogenes.
• Additional indications include…

Note: Always follow the guidance of a registered healthcare professional when taking medications.

Pharmacology

Cefuroxime is a highly regarded antibacterial agent recognized for its broad-spectrum bactericidal action against numerous common pathogens, including strains that produce β-lactamase. Its stability against bacterial β-lactamase makes it effective against various strains resistant to ampicillin and amoxicillin.

Dosage

Tablets or Suspension

For Adolescents and Adults (13 years and older):

• Pharyngitis/Tonsillitis: 250 mg twice daily for 5-10 days
• Acute Bacterial Maxillary Sinusitis: 250 mg twice daily for 10 days
• Acute Bacterial Exacerbation of Chronic Bronchitis: 250-500 mg twice daily for 10 days
• Secondary Bacterial Infections of Acute Bronchitis: 250-500 mg twice daily for 5-10 days
• Uncomplicated Skin and Skin Structure Infections: 250-500 mg twice daily for 10 days
• Uncomplicated Urinary Tract Infections: 250 mg twice daily for 7-10 days
• Uncomplicated Gonorrhea: 1000 mg as a single dose
• Community-Acquired Pneumonia: 250-500 mg twice daily for 5-10 days
• MDR Typhoid Fever: 500 mg twice daily for 10-14 days
• Early Lyme Disease: 500 mg twice daily for 20 days

For Pediatric Patients (3 months to 12 years):

• Pharyngitis/Tonsillitis: 20 mg/kg/day in two divided doses for 5-10 days
• Acute Otitis Media: 30 mg/kg/day in two divided doses for 10 days
• Acute Bacterial Maxillary Sinusitis: 30 mg/kg/day in two divided doses for 10 days
• Impetigo: 30 mg/kg/day in two divided doses for 10 days

Parenteral

For Adults:

• General Dosage: 750 mg administered three times daily via IM or IV injection. In cases of severe infection, the dose can be increased to 1.5 gm three times daily via IV. The frequency may increase to four times daily if needed, totaling 3 to 6 grams daily.
• For Surgical Prophylaxis: 1.5 gm IV at the time of anesthesia induction; up to three additional doses of 750 mg every 8 hours may be given for high-risk procedures.
• For Pneumonia: 1.5 gm IV twice daily for 2-3 days, followed by 500 mg orally twice daily for 7-10 days.
• In Gonorrhea: 1.5 gm as a single dose (administered as two 750 mg injections at different sites, e.g., each buttock).

For Children (over 3 months):

• Dosage: 30-100 mg/kg/day in 3 or 4 divided doses. A typical dose of 60 mg/kg/day is suitable for most infections.

For Neonates:

• Dosage: 30-100 mg/kg/day in 2 or 3 divided doses.

For Meningitis:

• Adults: 3 gm IV three times daily.
• Children (over 3 months): 200-240 mg/kg/day IV in 3 or 4 divided doses, reduced to 100 mg/kg/day after 3 days or upon clinical improvement.
• Neonates: 100 mg/kg/day IV initially, reduced to 50 mg/kg/day as clinically indicated.

For Bone and Joint Infections:

• Adults: 1.5 gm IV four times daily.
• Children (over 3 months): 150 mg/kg/day (not exceeding adult maximum) in equally divided doses every 8 hours.

Note: Always consult a registered healthcare professional when taking medications.

Administration

It is recommended to use a freshly reconstituted solution, which retains potency for at least 24 hours at room temperature or 48 hours when refrigerated at 5°C.

Note: Always consult a registered healthcare professional when taking medications.

Interaction

Currently, no significant interactions have been reported with Cefuroxime.

Contraindications

Cefuroxime should not be used in individuals with known allergies to cephalosporins.

Side Effects

Side effects from Kilbac are rare and generally mild. Reported effects include rashes and gastrointestinal disturbances. As with other antibiotics, prolonged use may lead to overgrowth of non-susceptible organisms, such as Candida.

Pregnancy & Lactation

Cefuroxime falls under the US FDA pregnancy category B. However, there are no well-controlled studies in pregnant women. Since animal studies do not always predict human outcomes, this medication should only be used during pregnancy if absolutely necessary. Cefuroxime is excreted in human breast milk, so caution is advised when administered to nursing mothers.

Precautions & Warnings

Kilbac should be administered cautiously to patients receiving powerful diuretics or those with a history of colitis. While cephalosporin antibiotics are generally safe for patients with penicillin allergies, there may be instances of cross-reactivity. However, Kilbac is unlikely to pose a problem at the recommended dosage levels.

Therapeutic Class

Second Generation Cephalosporins

Reconstitution

For 750 mg Intramuscular Injection: Add 3 ml of sterile water for injection to the vial and gently shake to mix.

For 750 mg Intravenous Injection: Add 8 ml of sterile water for injection to the vial and gently shake to mix. Slowly inject into a vein over 3 to 5 minutes.

For 1.5 g Intravenous Injection: Add 16 ml of sterile water for injection to the vial and gently shake to mix. Slowly inject into a vein over 3 to 5 minutes.

Storage Conditions

Store in a cool, dry place below 30°C, away from light and moisture. Keep out of reach of children.