Kilbac DS

Indications

This medication is prescribed for treating infections caused by bacteria that are sensitive to its effects.

• Pharyngitis/Tonsillitis due to Streptococcus pyogenes.
• Acute Bacterial Otitis Media resulting from Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, Moraxella catarrhalis (including beta-lactamase producing strains), or Streptococcus pyogenes.

Always follow the advice of a registered healthcare professional when taking this medication.

Pharmacology

Cefuroxime is a highly effective antibacterial agent known for its broad-spectrum bactericidal activity against various common pathogens, including strains that produce β-lactamase. It exhibits remarkable stability against bacterial β-lactamase, making it effective against many strains resistant to ampicillin and amoxicillin.

Dosage

Tablet or Suspension:

For Adolescents and Adults (aged 13 years and older):

• Pharyngitis/Tonsillitis: 250 mg twice daily for 5-10 days
• Acute Bacterial Maxillary Sinusitis: 250 mg twice daily for 10 days
• Acute Bacterial Exacerbation of Chronic Bronchitis: 250-500 mg twice daily for 10 days
• Secondary Bacterial Infections of Acute Bronchitis: 250-500 mg twice daily for 5-10 days
• Uncomplicated Skin and Skin Structure Infections: 250-500 mg twice daily for 10 days
• Uncomplicated Urinary Tract Infections: 250 mg twice daily for 7-10 days
• Uncomplicated Gonorrhea: 1000 mg as a single dose
• Community-Acquired Pneumonia: 250-500 mg twice daily for 5-10 days
• MDR Typhoid Fever: 500 mg twice daily for 10-14 days
• Early Lyme Disease: 500 mg twice daily for 20 days

For Pediatric Patients (aged 3 months to 12 years):

• Pharyngitis/Tonsillitis: 20 mg/kg/day twice daily for 5-10 days
• Acute Otitis Media: 30 mg/kg/day twice daily for 10 days
• Acute Bacterial Maxillary Sinusitis: 30 mg/kg/day twice daily for 10 days
• Impetigo: 30 mg/kg/day twice daily for 10 days

Parenteral Administration:

• Adults: 750 mg administered three times daily via IM or IV injection. In cases of severe infection, the dose may be increased to 1.5 g three times daily by IV injection. Frequency may increase to four times daily if necessary, totaling daily doses of 3 to 6 g.
• Children (above 3 months): 30 – 100 mg/kg/day divided into 3 or 4 doses. A typical dose is 60 mg/kg/day for most infections.
• Neonates: 30 – 100 mg/kg/day divided into 2 or 3 doses.
• Surgical Prophylaxis: 1.5 g IV injection at the induction of anesthesia; up to 3 additional doses of 750 mg may be administered every 8 hours for high-risk procedures.
• Pneumonia: 1.5 g IV injection twice daily for 2-3 days, followed by 500 mg twice daily (oral) for 7-10 days.
• Acute Exacerbations of Chronic Bronchitis: 750 mg twice daily (IM or IV) for 2-3 days, then 500 mg twice daily (oral) for 5-10 days. Duration of therapy depends on infection severity and patient condition.
• In Gonorrhea: Adults: 1.5 g as a single dose (administered as 2 x 750 mg injections intramuscularly at different sites, e.g., each buttock).

In Meningitis:

• Adults: 3 g IV injection three times daily.
• Children (above 3 months): 200-240 mg/kg/day IV, divided into 3 or 4 doses; reduce to 100 mg/kg/day after 3 days or upon clinical improvement.
• Neonates: 100 mg/kg/day IV at initial dose, reducing to 50 mg/kg/day when clinically indicated.

In Bone and Joint Infections:

• Adults: 1.5 g IV injection four times daily.
• Children (above 3 months): 150 mg/kg/day (not to exceed the maximum adult dose), divided into 8-hour intervals.

Always consult a registered healthcare professional before using this medication.

Administration

It is advisable to use a freshly reconstituted solution. However, the solution retains its potency for at least 24 hours at room temperature or 48 hours when refrigerated at 5°C.

Always follow the advice of a registered healthcare professional when taking this medication.

Interactions

Currently, there are no reported interactions that may pose significant risks.

Contraindications

Cefuroxime is contraindicated in individuals with known allergies to cephalosporins.

Side Effects

Adverse reactions to Kilbac DS are rare and typically mild and temporary. Reported side effects include rashes and gastrointestinal issues. As with all antibiotics, extended use may lead to the overgrowth of non-susceptible organisms, such as Candida.

Pregnancy & Lactation

Cefuroxime falls under US FDA pregnancy category B. Although there are no extensive, well-controlled studies in pregnant women, this medication should only be used during pregnancy if deemed essential. Cefuroxime is excreted in human milk; caution is advised when administering to nursing mothers.

Precautions & Warnings

Kilbac DS should be administered with caution to patients on potent diuretics or with a history of colitis. Generally, cephalosporin antibiotics can be used safely in patients with penicillin hypersensitivity, though cross-reactions may occur. At recommended dosages, Kilbac DS is unlikely to cause significant issues.

Therapeutic Class

Second Generation Cephalosporins

Reconstitution

For a 750 mg intramuscular injection: Add 3 ml of water for injection to the vial and gently shake to disperse.

For a 750 mg intravenous injection: Add 8 ml of water for injection to the vial and gently shake to disperse. Administer the solution slowly directly into a vein over a 3 to 5-minute period.

For a 1.5 g intravenous injection: Add 16 ml of water for injection to the vial and gently shake to disperse. Inject the solution slowly directly into a vein over a 3 to 5-minute period.

Storage Conditions

Store in a cool, dry place (below 30°C), away from light and moisture. Keep out of reach of children.