Jardian 10

Indications

Jardian serves the following purposes:

• To aid alongside diet and exercise in enhancing glycemic control for adults diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
• To diminish the risk of cardiovascular fatality in adult patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and established cardiovascular disease.

Pharmacology

Empagliflozin acts as a sodium glucose co-transporter-2 (SGLT-2) inhibitor. These transporters are responsible for reabsorbing glucose from the kidney’s glomerular filtrate. By inhibiting SGLT2, Empagliflozin enhances glucuretic effects, reducing renal glucose absorption and lowering the renal threshold for glucose. This results in increased glucose excretion, contributing to decreased hyperglycemia, weight loss, and reduced blood pressure.

Dosage & Administration

The recommended starting dose of Empagliflozin is 10 mg once daily, preferably taken in the morning with or without food. Patients who tolerate Empagliflozin well may have their dosage increased to 25 mg once daily. It is advisable to correct any volume depletion in patients before initiating Empagliflozin treatment.

Interactions

• Diuretics: Co-administration with Jardian has been shown to increase urine volume.
• Insulin or Insulin Secretagogues: Concurrent use of Jardian with insulin or insulin secretagogues heightens the risk of hypoglycemia.
• Positive Urine Glucose Test: Monitoring glycemic control via urine glucose tests is not recommended for patients on SGLT2 inhibitors due to increased urinary glucose excretion.
• Interference with 1,5-anhydroglucitol (1,5-AG) Assay: Using the 1,5-AG assay to monitor glycemic control is not advised in patients taking SGLT2 inhibitors.

Contraindications

Empagliflozin is contraindicated in patients with a history of severe hypersensitivity reactions to Empagliflozin or any of its components, severe renal impairment, end-stage renal disease, or those undergoing dialysis.

Side Effects

Common adverse reactions associated with Jardian include urinary tract infections and fungal infections in the female genital area. Other commonly reported side effects include dehydration, hypotension, weakness, dizziness, and increased thirst.

Pregnancy & Lactation

There have been inadequate controlled studies on the use of Empagliflozin in pregnant women. Its administration during pregnancy should only occur if the potential benefits outweigh the potential risks to the fetus. The excretion of Empagliflozin in human milk is unknown, thus it is not recommended for breastfeeding mothers.

Precautions & Warnings

Assessment of renal function is advisable before initiating Jardian and periodically thereafter. The use of Jardian is not recommended for patients with an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) less than 45 ml/min/1.73 m². No adjustments to the dosage are necessary for patients with an eGFR greater than or equal to 45 ml/min/1.73 m².

Overdose Effects

In cases of Jardian overdose, standard supportive measures should be employed, such as removing unabsorbed material from the gastrointestinal tract, clinical monitoring, and supportive treatment. The effectiveness of hemodialysis in removing Jardian has not been studied.

Therapeutic Class

Sodium-glucose Cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) Inhibitors

Storage Conditions

Store Jardian in a cool, dry place (below 30°C), shielded from light and moisture. Keep out of reach of children.