Dextromethorphan

Indications

Dextromethorphan is used to relieve:

• Chronic dry cough
• Unproductive cough
• Acute dry cough that disrupts daily activities or sleep

Composition

Syrup: Each 5 ml of sugar-free syrup contains 10 mg of Dextromethorphan Hydrobromide BP.

Pharmacology

Dextromethorphan Hydrobromide acts as a cough suppressant with a central effect on the cough center in the medulla. Despite its structural similarity to morphine, it lacks analgesic properties and generally shows minimal sedative effects. It does not lead to addiction even at high doses over extended periods. The drug is swiftly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract, taking effect within 15-30 minutes, with a duration of 3-6 hours. It is metabolized extensively in the liver and excreted through urine, with up to 50% of the dose eliminated within 24 hours, and about 8% in the first 6 hours.

Dosage & Administration

• Adults and Children over 12 years: 15-30 mg three to four times daily, with occasional doses up to 60 mg four times daily without additional side effects.
• Children 6-12 years: 5-15 mg up to four times daily.
• Children 2-6 years: 2.5-5 mg up to four times daily.

Use as directed by your healthcare provider.

Interactions

Significant interactions have been noted with therapeutic doses of phenelzine and dextromethorphan.

Contraindications

Avoid using Dextromethorphan with monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs). Caution is advised for patients with liver conditions due to extensive hepatic metabolism.

Side Effects

Rare side effects may include nausea and dizziness. The drug does not cause analgesia or addiction and generally has minimal CNS depression. Overdosage may result in excitation, confusion, or respiratory depression.

Pregnancy & Lactation

Dextromethorphan should be avoided during the first trimester of pregnancy due to limited safety data. There is no information on its presence in breast milk; thus, nursing mothers should avoid its use.

Precautions & Warnings

Do not use Dextromethorphan for coughs associated with smoking, asthma, emphysema, or productive coughs that produce sputum or phlegm.

Therapeutic Class

Cough Suppressant

Storage Conditions

Store below 30°C, away from light and moisture. Keep out of reach of children.