Indications
Canaglif is recommended alongside dietary adjustments and physical activity to enhance glycemic management in adults diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Pharmacology
Canagliflozin functions as an inhibitor of subtype-2 sodium-glucose co-transport protein (SGLT2), a key player in the reabsorption of glucose within the kidneys. By obstructing this transporter, the medication diminishes glucose reabsorption in renal tubules, resulting in increased glucose excretion through urine.
Dosage & Administration
Commence with a daily dosage of 100 mg before the first meal of the day. Dosage adjustment to 300 mg daily may be considered for individuals with a creatinine clearance (CrCl) exceeding 60 ml/min or those necessitating further glycemic control. No dosage alteration is necessary for mild renal impairment. For moderate renal impairment (CrCl 45-60 ml/min), a recommendation of Canagliflozin 100 mg is advised.
Interaction
UGT inducers (e.g., rifampin, phenytoin) may diminish Canaglif exposure, potentially warranting an escalation from 100 mg to 300 mg dosage.
Contraindications
Contraindications include a history of severe hypersensitivity reactions to Canagliflozin, severe renal impairment, End Stage Renal Disease (ESRD), or undergoing dialysis.
Side Effects
Common adverse reactions to Canaglif encompass female genital mycotic infections, urinary tract infections, and increased urination. Additional side effects may include hypotension, elevated potassium levels (hyperkalemia), hypoglycemia, and increased Low-Density Lipoprotein (LDL-C).
Pregnancy & Lactation
Designated as Pregnancy Category C, the use of Canaglif during pregnancy should be based on a thorough evaluation of potential benefits versus risks. If administered to nursing mothers, discontinuation of the drug or nursing may be warranted.
Precautions & Warnings
Not suitable for managing type 1 diabetes mellitus or diabetic ketoacidosis.
Therapeutic Class
Categorized under Sodium-glucose Cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) Inhibitors.
Storage Conditions
Store in a dry area away from light and heat, and ensure it is inaccessible to children.
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