Supotaria

Indications

This inhalation capsule is prescribed as a once-daily maintenance bronchodilator to alleviate symptoms in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).

Pharmacology

Glycopyrronium is a long-acting antimuscarinic agent, classified as an anticholinergic in clinical settings. It selectively binds to muscarinic receptors M1 to M5, primarily inhibiting M3 receptors in the airways, leading to smooth muscle relaxation. This results in significant and prolonged bronchodilation for COPD patients.

Dosage & Administration

The recommended dosage is one inhalation capsule (50 micrograms) taken once daily at the same time. If a dose is missed, take it as soon as remembered, but do not exceed one dose within 24 hours.
Always consult a registered healthcare professional before use.

Interaction

No specific studies have been conducted on this inhalation capsule’s interactions with other inhaled anticholinergics. However, it has been used alongside common COPD medications—such as sympathomimetic bronchodilators and steroids—without clinical evidence of interactions.

Contraindications

This medication is contraindicated for individuals with hypersensitivity to glycopyrronium or any component of the formulation.

Side Effects

Common side effects may include dry mouth, cough, nasopharyngitis, and musculoskeletal pain. Less frequent effects can be paradoxical bronchospasm, dysphonia, and allergic reactions. Elderly patients may experience more frequent urinary tract infections and headaches.

Pregnancy & Lactation

Pregnancy: There are no well-controlled studies available for use during pregnancy. It should be used only if the benefits justify potential risks to the fetus.

Lactation: It’s unknown if glycopyrronium is excreted in breast milk. Use with caution during breastfeeding, weighing potential benefits against risks to the infant.

Fertility: Animal studies indicate no fertility concerns for either gender.

Precautions & Warnings

This inhalation capsule is intended for long-term maintenance, not for acute bronchospasm. It should not be used in individuals under 18 years of age. Caution is advised for those with narrow-angle glaucoma or urinary retention. Discontinue use immediately if allergic reactions occur, including angioedema or breathing difficulties. Paradoxical bronchospasm may occur and requires immediate cessation of the medication.

Overdose Effects

Overdosing may lead to anticholinergic symptoms requiring symptomatic treatment. In COPD patients, doses of 100 to 200 micrograms taken daily for 28 days have shown to be well tolerated. Inadvertent oral ingestion is unlikely to cause acute intoxication.

Therapeutic Class

Bronchodilator

Storage Conditions

Do not swallow the capsule; it must be used with an inhalation device. Remove the capsule from its blister pack immediately before use, as exposure to moisture may affect performance. Store in a dry place at temperatures not exceeding 30°C, away from light and moisture.