Timopress 0.5%

Indications

Timopress Ophthalmic Solution is used to manage elevated intraocular pressure in individuals suffering from ocular hypertension or open-angle glaucoma.

Pharmacology

Timolol functions as a non-selective β-adrenergic receptor blocker. It does not exhibit significant intrinsic sympathomimetic activity, direct myocardial depressant effects, or local anesthetic properties. Although the precise mechanism behind its ocular hypotensive effect remains unclear, it is believed to reduce aqueous humor production. Additionally, β-blockade contributes to lowering blood pressure.

Dosage & Administration

Eye Drops Solution: Begin with 1 drop of the 0.25% solution twice daily in the affected eye(s). If the response is insufficient, the dosage may be increased to 1 drop of the 0.5% solution twice daily. Once pressure is controlled, reduce to 1 drop daily. Do not exceed 1 drop twice daily of the 0.5% solution.

Gel-Forming Eye Drops: For both 0.25% and 0.5% formulations, instill 1 drop into the affected eye(s) once daily.
Always follow your healthcare provider’s instructions for medication use.

Interactions

While Timopress alone typically does not affect pupil size, mydriasis has been reported when used in conjunction with epinephrine. Notable drug interactions may occur with other beta-adrenergic blocking agents (oral and topical), calcium channel blockers, catecholamine-depleting medications, digitalis, quinidine, clonidine, and injectable epinephrine.

Contraindications

Timolol is contraindicated in patients with bronchial asthma, a history of asthma, severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, sinus bradycardia, second or third-degree atrioventricular block, overt cardiac failure, cardiogenic shock, or hypersensitivity to any ingredient in this product.

Side Effects

Possible side effects include eye burning or stinging, bradycardia, hypotension, arrhythmias, AV or SA nodal block, congestive heart failure, pulmonary edema, Raynaud’s phenomenon, headaches, dizziness, fatigue, abdominal discomfort, nausea, constipation, and hypoglycemia.

Pregnancy & Lactation

Pregnancy: There are limited well-controlled studies in pregnant women. Timolol should be used during pregnancy only if the potential benefits outweigh any risks to the fetus.

Lactation: Timolol may be present in breast milk following oral or ophthalmic administration. Due to potential serious side effects in nursing infants, a decision should be made to either discontinue nursing or the medication, considering the importance of the drug to the mother.

Precautions & Warnings

Patients with inadequate cardiac function, diabetes mellitus, myasthenia gravis, cerebrovascular insufficiency, or a history of atopy should exercise caution. Avoid abrupt withdrawal, as this may worsen angina or precipitate myocardial infarction in patients with coronary artery disease, or induce a thyroid crisis in those with thyrotoxicosis. Caution is advised in patients undergoing major surgery and those with renal or hepatic impairment. This ophthalmic solution should not be used alone for angle-closure glaucoma and may mask symptoms of hyperthyroidism and hypoglycemia.

Overdose Effects

Reports of inadvertent overdosage with Timopress Ophthalmic Solution have indicated systemic effects similar to those of systemic beta-adrenergic blocking agents, such as dizziness, headache, shortness of breath, bradycardia, bronchospasm, and cardiac arrest.

Therapeutic Class

Medications for miotics and glaucoma.

Storage Conditions

Store Timopress between 15-30°C. Protect from freezing and light exposure.