Alatrol P Drop

Indications

Alatrol serves as a solution for alleviating symptoms linked with both seasonal and perennial allergic rhinitis. Additionally, it addresses the uncomplicated skin manifestations of chronic idiopathic urticaria and allergen-induced asthma.

Pharmacology

Cetirizine Hydrochloride acts as a potent H1 receptor antagonist, devoid of significant anticholinergic and antiserotonic effects. At active dose levels, it minimizes drowsiness and avoids behavioral alterations. By inhibiting histamine-mediated allergic reactions, it curtails inflammatory cell migration and mediator release associated with late-phase allergic reactions.

Pharmacokinetics

Cetirizine 10 mg attains peak plasma concentrations of 257 mcg/L within an hour of intake (980 mcg/L in children). Food insignificantly affects absorption extent, though it may slightly impede the rate. Peak blood levels of 0.3 micrograms/ml manifest between thirty to sixty minutes post-administration of a 10 mg dose. Its plasma half-life spans approximately 11 hours, with consistent absorption across subjects. Renal clearance stands at 30 ml/minute, while excretion half-life totals approximately nine hours.

Dosage & Administration

Cetirizine Oral Dosage Form:

• Adults and Children 6 years and older: 1 tablet or 2 teaspoonfuls daily (or 1 teaspoonful twice daily).
• Children 2-6 years: 1 teaspoonful once daily or 1/2 teaspoonful twice daily.
• Children 6 months to 2 years: 1/2 teaspoonful once daily, with a possible increase to 1/2 teaspoonful every 12 hours for children aged 12-23 months.

Cetirizine Injectable Dosage Form:

Cetirizine, intended for intravenous administration only, is a single-use injectable product. The recommended dosage regimen involves administration once every 24 hours for acute urticaria treatment. Administer Cetirizine intravenously over 1 to 2 minutes. Avoid Cetirizine usage in pediatric patients under 6 years with impaired renal or hepatic function.

• Adults and adolescents 12 years and older: 10 mg via intravenous injection.
• Children 6 to 11 years: 5 mg or 10 mg (depending on symptom severity) via intravenous injection.
• Children 6 months to 5 years: 2.5 mg via intravenous injection.

Advisory: “Follow physician’s guidance for medication consumption.”

Interaction

No clinically significant drug interactions have been observed with Theophylline, Azithromycin, Pseudoephedrine, Ketoconazole, Erythromycin, or other drugs.

Contraindications

Contraindicated in patients with a history of hypersensitivity to Cetirizine or hydroxyzine.

Side Effects

The most common side effect reported with Alatrol is somnolence.

Pregnancy & Lactation

Cetirizine Hydrochloride holds a US FDA Pregnancy Category B. However, no adequate, well-controlled studies exist in pregnant women. Use during pregnancy should occur only when clearly necessary. Caution is advised during lactation due to excretion of Cetirizine Hydrochloride in human milk.

Precautions & Warnings

Exercise caution when driving or operating heavy machinery.

Use in Special Populations

• Hepatic or Renal Insufficiency: Alatrol’s total body clearance is reduced in mild to moderate hepatic and renal impairment, with increased AUC and half-life. Clearance reduction correlates with creatinine clearance decline. Hemodialysis doesn’t affect plasma levels. Dialysis patients exhibit an approximately 20-hour plasma elimination half-life and a threefold increase in plasma AUC.
• Pediatric Use: Alatrol’s safety is established in pediatric patients aged 6 months to 5 years.
• Elderly Use: Alatrol clearance diminishes in elderly patients proportionately to creatinine clearance decrease.

Therapeutic Class

Sedating Antihistamine

Storage Conditions

Store in a dry area, away from light and heat, and out of children’s reach.